Category Archives: Monitor

OS

Caution: Your use of any information or materials on this website is entirely at your own risk. It is provided for educational purposes only. We do not guarantee it will work for you. Ensure that you run it in your test environment before using.

OS commands for DBA

1. RAM SIZE 
2. Find
3. SAR
4. vmstat
5. iostat
6. swap
7. uptime
8. Top CPU users
9. Top memory users
10. Check disk space
11. TOP Command Examples
12. Find number of CPU
13. Trace SID
14. System logfile
15. Send mail
16. Tar Command Examples
17. ZIP Command Examples
18. GZIP Command Examples


1. RAM SIZE

/usr/sbin/prtconf | grep Mem  	-- For Solaris
dmesg 					-- For HP-UX
lsdev -C | grep mem  			-- For AIX
lsattr -El mem0 ( output from previous command) -- For AIX
free 					-- For Linux
uerf -r 300 | grep -I mem		-- DEC-UNIX


2. Find

find / -print | grep -i z.sql  -- In root mount point searching for file "z.sql"
find /usr/lib -name "*raj*" /*finding can’t remember the exact name of*/
find . -size +20000 /*find files bigger than 20000 blocks, about 10MB )*/
find . -size +20000 -mtime -1 -ls
find . -mtime -1 /*Find files or directories modified in last day*/
find /tmp -atime +45 /*find files not accessed (read) in 45 days*/
find . -name "*.c" |xargs grep -l libsocket /*look for a particular word in all your .c files*/


3. SAR (System Activity Report)

sar -u 1 10   /*if I run sar 1 10 it will report to the screen, 10 instances every one second*/


4. vmstat

vmstat 1 5 /*vmstat [interval] [count]*/


5. iostat

iostat -x 1 5  /*iostat [interval] [count]*/


6. swap space

/usr/sbin/swap -s /*solaris*/


7. uptime

uptime /*check system load average: an uptime more than double the number of CPUs is getting a bit busy*/


8. Top CPU users

/usr/ucb/ps uax |head /*solaris*/


9. Top memory users

/usr/ucb/ps vax |head /*solaris*/


10. Check disk space

df -h or df -k or df -g /*shows all mounted filesystems*/
df -h /u01 /*show space for specified mountpoing /u01 */
du -sh /home/oracle /*To find size of a directory */
du -sk
[root@rac1 ~]# du -k /u01 | sort -r -n -k 1 | head -20 | awk ' { print $2 "....."$1/1024 "MB" } '
/u01.....48585.8MB
/u01/app.....40167.6MB
/u01/app/oracle.....21521.9MB
/u01/app/oracle/product.....20262.3MB
/u01/app/grid/product/12.2.....17900.2MB
/u01/app/grid/product.....17900.2MB
/u01/app/grid.....17900.2MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1.....13300.9MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.....13300.9MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1.....6961.39MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.....6961.39MB
/u01/stage/30920127.....5662.84MB
/u01/stage.....5662.84MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs.....3836.5MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/database.....3667.68MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/database/stage.....3665.52MB
/u01/app/grid/product/12.2/.patch_storage.....3249.18MB
/u01/stage/30920127/30869447.....3093.78MB
/u01/stage/30920127/30869447/files.....3093.64MB
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/database/stage/Components.....3053.15MB
[root@rac1 ~]#


11. TOP Command Examples

# top /*it will show information like tasks, memory, cpu and swap. Press ‘q‘ to quit window*/
# top -u oracle /*will display specific User process details*/
# top ---> then press z /*will display running process in color which may help you to identified running process easily*/
# top ---> then press c /*will display absolute path of running process*/
# top ---> then press d /*Default screen refresh interval is 3.0 seconds, can change pressing ‘d‘ option*/
# top ---> then press k /*You can kill PID in running top command without exiting from top window*/
# top ---> then press Shift+P /*to sort processes as per CPU utilization*/
# top ---> then press r /*To change the priority of the process (Renice a Process)*/
# top ---> then press Shift+W /*To save top command results*/
# top ---> then press h /*Getting Top Command Help*/
# top ---> then press Shift+O then press "a" /*press ‘a‘ letter to sort process with PID (Process ID)/*


12. Find number of CPU

psrinfo | wc -l /*Solaris --suppose virtual CPU*/
cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep processor|wc –l /*Linux*/
psrinfo -v|grep "Status of processor"|wc –l /*Solaris*/
lsdev -C|grep Process|wc –l /*AIX*/
ioscan -C processor | grep processor | wc -l /*HP-UX*/


13. Trace SID

truss -p  /*Solaris and AIX*/
strace -p  /*Linux*/
trace -p  /*Tru 64*/


14. System logfile

Linux: /var/log/messages
Solaris, HP Tru64: /var/adm/messages
HP-UX: /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
AIX: /bin/errpt


15. Send mail with attachments

uuencode 1.txt 2.txt | mailx -s "subject of mail" br8dba@gmail.com
OR
echo Body of the mail |mailx -s Attachment -a file.txt br8dba@gmail.com


16. Tar Command Examples

TAR

tar -cvf /u01/zzz.tar /home/zzz/ /*will create tar file for /home/zzz directory, it will keep original files as it is*/
c – Creates a new .tar archive file.
v – Verbosely show the .tar file progress.
f – File name type of the archive file.

UNTAR

tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar -C /home/oracle /*Untar files in specified Directory*/

TAR Compress
Create tar.gz Archive File use option z
tar cvzf /u01/zzz.tar.gz /home/zzz /*will create tar file for /home/zzz directory*/

TAR UnCompress 
tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz -C /home/oracle /*Untar files in specified Directory*/


TAR Compress tar.bz2

Create tar.bz2 Archive File
The bz2 feature compress and create archive file less than the size of the gzip.
The bz2 compression takes more time to compress and decompress files as compared to gzip which takes less time. 
To create highly compressed tar file we use option as j.

tar cvfj /u01/zzz.tar.bz2 /home/zzz/ -- /*will create tar file for /home/zzz directory*/

TAR UnCompress tar.bz2
tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar.bz2 -C /home/oracle /*Untar files in specified Directory*/

List Content of tar Archive File

tar -tvf /u01/zzz.tar
tar -tvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz
tar -tvf /u01/zzz.tar.bz2

Untar Single file from tar File

tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar init.ora
tar -zxvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz init.ora
tar -jxvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz.bz2 init.ora
or
tar --extract --file=/u01/zzz.tar init.ora
tar --extract --file=/u01/zzz.tar.gz init.ora
tar --extract --file=/u01/zzz.tar.gz.bz2 init.ora

Untar Multiple files from tar, tar.gz and tar.bz2 File

tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar "file 1" "file 2" 
tar -zxvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz "file 1" "file 2" 
tar -jxvf /u01/zzz.tar.bz2 "file 1" "file 2"


Extract Group of Files using Wildcard

tar -xvf /u01/zzz.tar --wildcards '*.php'
tar -zxvf /u01/zzz.tar.gz --wildcards '*.php'
tar -jxvf /u01/zzz.tar.bz2 --wildcards '*.php'


17. ZIP Command Examples

Zipping individual files
zip abc.zip file1 file2 file3

Zip a file or folder
zip archivename.zip file1 file2 folder1

Zip a folder (including all subdirectories)
zip -r folder1*

Zip a folder to a different location
zip -r /tmp/abc.zip /home/oracle/folder1

List all the files stored in a zip file
unzip -l abc.zip

Unzip
unzip abc.zip

To unzip to a specific directory use -d option
unzip abc.zip -d /tmp

Unzip specific file from an archive
unzip abc.zip test.sh


18. GZIP Command Examples

zipping a file with gzip command
gzip file1 file2 file3
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ ls
dump.doc.gz  file1.gz  test.sh.gz <-- it will zip individually
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$
Note: Above gzip command will create files dump.doc.gz, file1.gz and test.sh.gz respectively by replacing original files.
To avoid deleting of original files, use -k(keep) option with zgip command

gzip  -k dump.doc file1 test.sh 
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ ls
dump.doc  dump.doc.gz  file1  file1.gz  test.sh  test.sh.gz
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$

How to zip group of files to a gzip single compressed file
gzip don't know how to add files to a single comprss file and it just compress each file individually by default.

oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ cat dump.doc file1 test.sh | gzip > all.gz
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ ls
all.gz  dump.doc  file1  test.sh
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$

Unzip the gzip file
gunzip all.gz

oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ ls
all.gz  dump.doc  file1  test.sh
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ gunzip all.gz 
oracle@rac1:~/test/test$ ls
all  dump.doc  file1  test.sh <-- gzip file automatically deleted once unzipped

DATABASE

Commonly used scripts by Oracle DBA in day to day life

Caution: Your use of any information or materials on this website is entirely at your own risk. It is provided for educational purposes only. We do not guarantee it will work for you. Ensure that you run it in your test environment before using.


1. Database links
2. clone user script
3. How find your own session id
4. Datapump scripts
5. Find how frequently of Oracle log switches
6. Tablespace scripts
7. Undo Used/Free Space
8. Temp details
9. Identify OS process ID based on database SID
10. Identify database SID based on OS Process ID
11. Find out Index Name and Column Name for Table
12. Find DB Size
13. SQL Query to Get Hostname, IP Address and Terminal from Oracle Database
14. Archive Log Generation Report Thread Wise Daily
15. Redo generation per day
16. Redo Generated per Hour
17. Hourly archivelog switches
18. ASH Report for one service
19. Verify Archive Log GAP
20. Index Rebuild with DB shutdown
21. Index Rebuild with Index Partition and Index Sub Partition
22. Fragmented tables top 10
23. Monitor FRA
24. Delete archivelogs
25. DG LAG status
26. Monitor Archive log GAP


DB Link Scripts

/*Get the details about an existing dblink

Note: Please test this in test machine before use in production
*/

dblink_details.sql
set verify off
set pages 1200
set lines 132
column owner format a20
column db_link format a30
column username format a30
column host format a20
accept link_name char Prompt 'Enter Database Link Name : '
select owner, db_link, username, host , to_char(created,'MM/DD/YYYY HH24:MI:SS') creation_date
  from dba_db_links 
 where upper(db_link) like '%'||upper('&&link_name')||'%'
 order by owner
;
exit;


clone user script

clone_user.sql

set pages 0 feed off veri off lines 500
accept oldname prompt "Enter user to model new user to: "
accept newname prompt "Enter new user name: "
accept psw prompt "Enter new user's password: "
-- Create user...
select 'create user &&newname identified by &&psw'||
' default tablespace '||default_tablespace||
' temporary tablespace '||temporary_tablespace||' profile '||
profile||';'
from sys.dba_users
where username = upper('&&oldname');
-- Grant Roles...
select 'grant '||granted_role||' to &&newname'||
decode(ADMIN_OPTION, 'YES', ' WITH ADMIN OPTION')||';'
from sys.dba_role_privs
where grantee = upper('&&oldname');
-- Grant System Privs...
select 'grant '||privilege||' to &&newname'||
decode(ADMIN_OPTION, 'YES', ' WITH ADMIN OPTION')||';'
from sys.dba_sys_privs
where grantee = upper('&&oldname');
-- Grant Table Privs...
select 'grant '||privilege||' on '||owner||'.'||table_name||' to &&newname;'
from sys.dba_tab_privs
where grantee = upper('&&oldname');
-- Grant Column Privs...
select 'grant '||privilege||' on '||owner||'.'||table_name||
'('||column_name||') to &&newname;'
from sys.dba_col_privs
where grantee = upper('&&oldname');
-- Tablespace Quotas...
select 'alter user &&newname quota '||
decode(max_bytes, -1, 'UNLIMITED', ceil(max_bytes / 1024 / 1024) || 'M') ||
' on '||tablespace_name||';'
from   sys.dba_ts_quotas
where  username = upper('&&oldname');
-- Set Default Role...
select 'alter user &&newname default role '|| granted_role ||';'
from sys.dba_role_privs
where grantee = upper('&&oldname')
and default_role = 'YES';
set pages 500 feed on veri on lines 500


Find your own session id

SQL> SELECT sid FROM v$mystat WHERE rownum = 1;

SQL> SELECT sid FROM V$SESSION WHERE audsid = userenv('sessionid');

SQL> SELECT sid FROM V$SESSION WHERE audsid = SYS_CONTEXT('userenv','sessionid');

select sys_context('USERENV','SID') from dual;

select sid from v$mystat where rownum <=1;

select to_number(substr(dbms_session.unique_session_id,1,4),'XXXX') mysid from dual;

select distinct sid from v$mystat;

For RAC Database with Instance ID

select username,inst_id, sid, serial# FROM gV$SESSION WHERE audsid = userenv('sessionid');


Datapump

DBA_DATAPUMP_JOBS 
This view will show the active Data Pump jobs, their state, degree of parallelism, and the number of sessions attached. 
col OWNER_NAME for a12
col JOB_NAME for a20
col OPERATION for a10
col JOB_MODE for a10
select * from dba_datapump_jobs;

DBA_DATAPUMP_SESSIONS
This view give gives the SADDR that assist in determining why a Data Pump session may be having problems. Join to the V$SESSION view for further information. 
SELECT * FROM DBA_DATAPUMP_SESSIONS;

V$SESSION_LONGOPS
This view helps determine how well a Data Pump export is doing. Basically gives you a progress indicator through the MESSAGE column. 
col USERNAME for a10
col opname for a20
col target_desc a20
col target_desc for a20
col MESSAGE for a50
select username,opname,target_desc,sofar,totalwork,message from V$SESSION_LONGOPS;


Frequency of Oracle log switches

Get details about how frequently redo log switching 
COL DAY FORMAT a15;
COL HOUR FORMAT a4;
COL TOTAL FORMAT 999;
SELECT TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’YYYY-MM-DD’) DAY,
TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’HH24') HOUR,
COUNT(*) TOTAL
FROM V$LOG_HISTORY
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’YYYY-MM-DD’),TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’HH24')
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’YYYY-MM-DD’),TO_CHAR(FIRST_TIME,’HH24')
ASC;

Tablespace

-- All Tablespace in database with each datafile size

set line 1000
set pages 5000
col tablespace_name for a30
col file_name for a80
col free_space for 9999999
compute sum of total_space on report
compute sum of free_space on report
compute sum of MAX_SPACE on report
break on tablespace_name on report nodup

select c.tablespace_name,a.autoextensible,a.file_name,a.total_space,b.free_space, round(b.free_space/a.total_space *100,2) "Free%",a.max_space from (select file_id,file_name,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 total_space,sum(MAXBYTES)/1024/1024/1024 max_space,autoextensible from dba_data_files group by file_id,file_name,autoextensible) a,(select file_id,nvl(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,0) free_space from dba_free_space group by file_id) b, (select tablespace_name,file_id from dba_data_files) c where a.file_id=b.file_id(+) and a.file_id=c.file_id order by tablespace_name;

-- Tablespace Verification

set line 1000
col tablespace_name for a30
col file_name for a80
col free_space for 9999999
compute sum of total_space on report
compute sum of free_space on report
compute sum of max_space on report
break on tablespace_name on report nodup

select c.tablespace_name,a.autoextensible,a.file_name,a.total_space,b.free_space,
round(b.free_space/a.total_space *100,2) "Free%",a.max_space from 
(select file_id,file_name,nvl(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,0) total_space,nvl(sum(MAXBYTES)/1024/1024/1024,0) max_space,autoextensible from dba_data_files group by file_id,file_name,autoextensible) a,
(select file_id,nvl(sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024,0) free_space from dba_free_space group by file_id) b,
(select tablespace_name,file_id from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='&DEFAULT_TABLESPACE' ) c
where a.file_id=b.file_id(+) and a.file_id=c.file_id order by tablespace_name;

-- TBS with Allocation Total/Physical

set linesize 132 tab off trimspool on
set pagesize 105
set pause off
set echo off
set feedb on

column "TOTAL ALLOC (MB)" format 9,999,990.00
column "TOTAL PHYS ALLOC (MB)" format 9,999,990.00
column "USED (MB)" format 9,999,990.00
column "FREE (MB)" format 9,999,990.00
column "% USED" format 990.00

select a.tablespace_name,
 a.bytes_alloc/(1024*1024) "TOTAL ALLOC (MB)",
 a.physical_bytes/(1024*1024) "TOTAL PHYS ALLOC (MB)",
 nvl(b.tot_used,0)/(1024*1024) "USED (MB)",
 (nvl(b.tot_used,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100 "% USED"
from ( select tablespace_name,
 sum(bytes) physical_bytes,
 sum(decode(autoextensible,'NO',bytes,'YES',maxbytes)) bytes_alloc
 from dba_data_files
 group by tablespace_name ) a,
 ( select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) tot_used
 from dba_segments
 group by tablespace_name ) b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name (+)
--and (nvl(b.tot_used,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100 > 10
--and a.tablespace_name in ('NONEED')
--and a.tablespace_name not like 'UNDO%'
and a.tablespace_name='&tbs'
--- like 'Noneed%'
order by 1
--order by 5
/

-- check free space of particular tablespace
-- save the below script in file "free_space.sql" and then execute 
 
set lines 132
set pages 100 verify off
clear break 
clear compute
ttitle center 'Space Usage on Tablespaces' skip 1 center '*****************************************' skip 2
accept tablespace_name char prompt 'Enter Tablespace Name :'
select a.TABLESPACE_NAME,
       round(a.bytes_used/(1024*1024),2) TOTAL_SPACE_IN_MB,
       round(b.bytes_free/(1024*1024),2) FREE_SPACE_IN_MB,
       round(b.smallest/(1024*1024),2) min_size_in_MB,
       round(b.largest/(1024*1024),2) max_size_in_MB,
       round(((a.bytes_used-b.bytes_free)/a.bytes_used)*100,2) percent_used
  from
  (
  select TABLESPACE_NAME, sum(bytes) bytes_used
    from dba_data_files
   group by TABLESPACE_NAME
  ) a,
  (
  select TABLESPACE_NAME, sum(BYTES) bytes_free, min(BYTES) smallest, max(BYTES) largest
    from dba_free_space
   group by TABLESPACE_NAME
  ) b
 where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME(+)
   and a.tablespace_name = decode('&tablespace_name',null,a.tablespace_name,'&tablespace_name')
 order by ((a.BYTES_used-b.BYTES_free)/a.BYTES_used) desc;
exit;

eg:
SQL> @free.sql
Enter Tablespace Name :SYSTEM

                                                     Space Usage on Tablespaces
                                              *****************************************

TABLESPACE_NAME                TOTAL_SPACE_IN_MB FREE_SPACE_IN_MB MIN_SIZE_IN_MB MAX_SIZE_IN_MB PERCENT_USED
------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- -------------- -------------- ------------
SYSTEM                                       710             9.38            .38              9        98.68

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@rac2 ~]$


-- Check all tablespace size in the database
 
	 set linesize 150
     column tablespace_name format a20 heading 'Tablespace'
     column sumb format 999,999,999
     column extents format 9999
     column bytes format 999,999,999,999
     column largest format 999,999,999,999
     column Tot_Size format 999,999 Heading 'Total| Size(Mb)'
     column Tot_Free format 999,999,999 heading 'Total Free(MB)'
     column Pct_Free format 999.99 heading '% Free'
     column Chunks_Free format 9999 heading 'No Of Ext.'
     column Max_Free format 999,999,999 heading 'Max Free(Kb)'
     set echo off
     PROMPT  FREE SPACE AVAILABLE IN TABLESPACES
     select a.tablespace_name,sum(a.tots/1048576) Tot_Size,
     sum(a.sumb/1048576) Tot_Free,
     sum(a.sumb)*100/sum(a.tots) Pct_Free,
     sum(a.largest/1024) Max_Free,sum(a.chunks) Chunks_Free
     from
     (
     select tablespace_name,0 tots,sum(bytes) sumb,
     max(bytes) largest,count(*) chunks
     from dba_free_space a
     group by tablespace_name
     union
     select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) tots,0,0,0 from
      dba_data_files
     group by tablespace_name) a
     group by a.tablespace_name
order by pct_free;
eg:

Tablespace
(TBS)
Name                                     File Count   Size(MB)   Free(MB)   Used(MB) Max Ext(MB)     % Free
---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
SYSAUX                                            1        540         29        511  32767.9844 5.37037037
SYSTEM                                            1        710       9.37     700.62  32767.9844 1.32042254
UNDOTBS1                                          1         30       6.06      23.93  32767.9844 20.2083333
USERS                                             1       1024     846.37     177.62  32767.9844 82.6538086
SQL>


 


Undo Used/Free Space

col allocated for 999,999.999
col free      for 999,999.999
col used      for 999,999.999

select
    ( select sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from dba_data_files
       where tablespace_name like 'UND%' )  Toal_allocated_in_MB,
    ( select sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from dba_free_space
       where tablespace_name like 'UND%')  free_in_MB,
    ( select sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from dba_undo_extents
       where tablespace_name like 'UND%') USed_in_MB
from dual
/

eg: 
TOAL_ALLOCATED_IN_MB FREE_IN_MB USED_IN_MB
-------------------- ---------- ----------
                 110    31.0625    77.9375


TEMP TABLESPACE USAGE

script 1:
column used_MBytes     format 999,999
column free_Mbytes     format 999,999
column total_MBytes    format 999,999
column collect_time    format A15

select
   to_char(sysdate,'DD-MON-RR:HH24:MI') collect_time
     ,round(used_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0)  used_Mbytes
		,round(free_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0)  free_Mbytes
			,round(total_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0) total_Mbytes
       from
          V$sort_segment
          where
             tablespace_name like '%TEMP%'
/

eg:

COLLECT_TIME    USED_MBYTES FREE_MBYTES TOTAL_MBYTES
--------------- ----------- ----------- ------------
17-JUL-16:17:23           5          24           29

script 2:

set lines 180
col FreeSpaceGB format 999,999
col UsedSpaceGB format 999,999
col TotalSpaceGB format 999,999
col host_name format a30
col tablespace_name format a30
select tablespace_name,
(free_blocks*8)/1024 FreeSpaceMB,
(used_blocks*8)/1024 UsedSpaceMB,
(total_blocks*8)/1024 TotalSpaceMB,
i.instance_name,i.host_name
from gv$sort_segment ss,gv$instance i where ss.tablespace_name in (select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='&TEMPTBS' and contents='TEMPORARY') and
i.inst_id=ss.inst_id;

eg:

TABLESPACE_NAME                FREESPACEMB USEDSPACEMB TOTALSPACEMB INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME
------------------------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ---------------- ----------------------
TEMP                                    24           5           29 orcl             rac1.rajasekhar.com

script 3: 

SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, TABLESPACE_SIZE/1024/1024 as TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB, ALLOCATED_SPACE/1024/1024 as ALLOCATED_SPACE_MB, FREE_SPACE/1024/1024 as FREE_SPACE_MB FROM   dba_temp_free_space;

TABLESPACE_NAME                TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB ALLOCATED_SPACE_MB FREE_SPACE_MB
------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------ -------------
TEMP                                           30                 30            29

Script 4:

-- Temp TBS size for each datafile.

compute sum of Max on report
break on tablespace_name on report nodup
select tablespace_name,file_name,autoextensible,(maxbytes)/1024/1024/1024 Max,sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 from dba_temp_files where tablespace_name='&TEMP_TBS' group by tablespace_name,file_name,autoextensible,maxbytes order by tablespace_name;

Script 5: Which session using how much TEMP space

COLUMN tablespace FORMAT A25
COLUMN temp_size FORMAT A20
COLUMN sid_serial FORMAT A20
COLUMN username FORMAT A20
COLUMN program FORMAT A40
SET LINESIZE 200

SELECT
a.sid||','||a.serial# AS sid_serial,b.sql_id,b.segtype,
NVL(a.username, '(oracle)') AS username,
a.program, b.tablespace,ROUND(((b.blocks*p.value)/1024/1024),2)||'M' AS temp_size
FROM gv$session a,
gv$sort_usage b,
gv$parameter p
WHERE p.name = 'db_block_size'
AND a.saddr = b.session_addr and b.TABLESPACE='&TEMP_TABLESPACE'
ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.blocks
/

-- Database default temp 
SELECT * FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES where PROPERTY_NAME='DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE';
col file_name for a45
select tablespace_name,file_name,bytes/1024/1024,maxbytes/1024/1024,autoextensible from dba_temp_files  order by file_name;
select username,default_tablespace,temporary_tablespace from dba_users order by temporary_tablespace;

Temp tablespace used by user

select 
   srt.tablespace, 
   srt.segfile#, 
   srt.segblk#, 
   srt.blocks, 
   a.sid, 
   a.serial#, 
   a.username, 
   a.osuser, 
   a.status 
from 
   v$session    a,
   v$sort_usage srt 
where 
   a.saddr = srt.session_addr 
order by 
   srt.tablespace, srt.segfile#, srt.segblk#, 
   srt.blocks;

Add temp file

select FILE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME from  dba_temp_files;
alter tablespace  temp  add tempfile '' size 1800M;
alter tablespace  temp  add tempfile '+DATAX' size 1800M;

resize tempfile

select FILE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME from  dba_temp_files;
alter database tempfile '' resize 500M;
alter database tempfile '' autoextend on maxsize 1G;

Verify Alert log


show parameter background

cd /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace

ls -ltr | tail
view alert_orcl.log

shift + G ---> to get the tail end...

?ORA-1652 ---- to search of the error...

shift + N ---- to step for next reported error...


Identify OS process ID based on database SID

- PID : Oracle process identifier
- SPID: Operating system process identifier

col sid format 999999
col username format a20
col osuser format a15
select a.sid, a.serial#,a.username, a.osuser, b.spid
from gv$session a, gv$process b
where a.paddr= b.addr
and a.sid='&sid'
order by a.sid;


Identify database SID based on OS Process ID

- PID : Oracle process identifier
- SPID: Operating system process identifier

col sid format 999999
col username format a20
col osuser format a15
select b.spid,a.sid, a.serial#,a.username, a.osuser
from gv$session a, gv$process b
where a.paddr= b.addr
and b.spid='&spid'
order by b.spid;


11. Find out Index Name and Column Name for Table

DBA_INDEXES gives just index names associated with the table and DBA_IND_COLUMNS gives the associated columns and their order.

SQL> column table_owner format a20
column table_name format a25
column index_name format a25
column column_name format a25
select owner, table_owner,TABLE_NAME,index_name
from   dba_indexes
where  table_name='COSTS';SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL>   2    3

OWNER                          TABLE_OWNER          TABLE_NAME                INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------- -------------------------
EOPS                           EOPS                 COSTS                     COSTS_PROD_BIX
EOPS                           EOPS                 COSTS                     COSTS_TIME_BIX
SH                             SH                   COSTS                     COSTS_TIME_BIX
SH                             SH                   COSTS                     COSTS_PROD_BIX

SQL> Select TABLE_OWNER, table_name, index_name, column_name, COLUMN_POSITION
FROM   dba_ind_columns
Where  TABLE_OWNER='SH'
AND    table_name='COSTS'
AND    INDEX_NAME='COSTS_PROD_BIX'
Order by TABLE_OWNER, table_name, column_name;  2    3    4    5    6

TABLE_OWNER          TABLE_NAME                INDEX_NAME                COLUMN_NAME               COLUMN_POSITION
-------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------
SH                   COSTS                     COSTS_PROD_BIX            PROD_ID                                 1

SQL>


12. Find DB Size

Find out total file size of a Oracle database

SQL> select b.name,
( select sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 DF_size from dba_data_files ) +
( select nvl(sum(bytes),0)/1024/1024/1024 TF_size from dba_temp_files ) +
  2    3    4  ( select sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 RLF_size from sys.v_$log ) +
  5  ( select sum(BLOCK_SIZE*FILE_SIZE_BLKS)/1024/1024/1024 CF_size from v$controlfile) "Size in GB"
  6  from  dual,  (select name from v$database ) b;

NAME      Size in GB
--------- ----------
CAT       5.36999512

SQL>

Find out the data occupied size for an Oracle database


SQL> SELECT name,sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 AS "Size in GB" FROM dba_segments,
(select name from v$database) group by name;  2

NAME      Size in GB
--------- ----------
CAT       2.37426758

SQL>


13. SQL Query to Get Hostname, IP Address and Terminal from Oracle Database

A. Using sys_context

SQL> SELECT SYS_CONTEXT ('USERENV', 'SERVER_HOST') from dual;

SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SERVER_HOST')
-----------------------------------------
rac2

SQL> SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','HOST') FROM dual;

SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','HOST')
----------------------------------------
rac2.rajasekhar.com

SQL>

B. Using v$instance

SQL> select host_name from v$instance;

HOST_NAME
---------------------------------------
rac2.rajasekhar.com

SQL>

C. UTL_INADDER.get_host_name

SQL> SELECT UTL_INADDR.get_host_name FROM dual;

GET_HOST_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
rac2.rajasekhar.com

SQL>

D. UTL_INADDR.get_host_address

SQL> SELECT UTL_INADDR.get_host_address from dual;

GET_HOST_ADDRESS
-------------------------------------
192.168.2.102

SQL>

E. Query to find out TERMINAL

SQL> SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','TERMINAL') FROM dual;

SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','TERMINAL')
-----------------------------------
pts/2

SQL>


14. Archive Log Generation Report Thread Wise Daily

SET PAGESIZE 60
SET LINESIZE 300
SET VERIFY OFF

SELECT TRUNC(completion_time)  "Generation Date" , thread#,count(*)
FROM gv$archived_log
GROUP BY TRUNC(completion_time),thread#
ORDER BY TRUNC(completion_time);


15. Redo generation per day

select trunc(completion_time) rundate
,count(*)  logswitch
,round((sum(blocks*block_size)/1024/1024)) "REDO PER DAY (MB)"
from gv$archived_log
group by trunc(completion_time)
order by 1;


16. Redo Generated per Hour

SELECT  Start_Date,   Start_Time,   Num_Logs,
Round(Num_Logs * (Vl.Bytes / (1024 * 1024)),2) AS Mbytes, Vdb.NAME AS Dbname
FROM (SELECT To_Char(Vlh.First_Time, 'YYYY-MM-DD') AS Start_Date,
To_Char(Vlh.First_Time, 'HH24') || ':00' AS Start_Time, COUNT(Vlh.Thread#) Num_Logs
FROM gv$log_History Vlh 
GROUP BY To_Char(Vlh.First_Time,  'YYYY-MM-DD'),
To_Char(Vlh.First_Time, 'HH24') || ':00') Log_Hist,
gv$log Vl ,  gv$database Vdb
WHERE Vl.Group# = 1
ORDER BY Log_Hist.Start_Date, Log_Hist.Start_Time;


17. Hourly archivelog switches

SELECT to_date(first_time) DAY,
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'00',1,0)),'99') "00",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'01',1,0)),'99') "01",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'02',1,0)),'99') "02",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'03',1,0)),'99') "03",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'04',1,0)),'99') "04",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'05',1,0)),'99') "05",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'06',1,0)),'99') "06",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'07',1,0)),'99') "07",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'08',1,0)),'99') "08",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'09',1,0)),'99') "09",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'10',1,0)),'99') "10",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'11',1,0)),'99') "11",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'12',1,0)),'99') "12",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'13',1,0)),'99') "13",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'14',1,0)),'99') "14",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'15',1,0)),'99') "15",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'16',1,0)),'99') "16",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'17',1,0)),'99') "17",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'18',1,0)),'99') "18",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'19',1,0)),'99') "19",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'20',1,0)),'99') "20",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'21',1,0)),'99') "21",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'22',1,0)),'99') "22",
to_char(sum(decode(to_char(first_time,'HH24'),'23',1,0)),'99') "23"
from
v$log_history
where to_date(first_time) > sysdate -8
GROUP by
to_char(first_time,'YYYY-MON-DD'), to_date(first_time)
order by to_date(first_time)
/


18. Generating Service based ASH Report


-- Generating Service based ASH Report

select output from table(
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.ASH_REPORT_HTML(
   l_dbid          =>(select dbid from v$database),
   l_inst_num      =>(select 1 from v$instance), --pls. replace with appropriate instance number
   l_btime         =>to_date('28-JAN-2016 07:05:00','dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
   l_etime         =>to_date('28-JAN-2016 07:15:00','dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
/*   l_options       IN NUMBER    DEFAULT 0,
   l_slot_width    IN NUMBER    DEFAULT 0,
   l_sid           IN NUMBER    DEFAULT NULL,
   l_sql_id        IN VARCHAR2  DEFAULT NULL,
   l_wait_class    IN VARCHAR2  DEFAULT NULL,*/
   l_service_hash  =>(select name_hash from dba_services where name=upper(''))));


19. Verify Archive Log GAP


SELECT ARCH.THREAD# "Thread", ARCH.SEQUENCE# "Last Sequence Received", APPL.SEQUENCE# "Last Sequence Applied", (ARCH.SEQUENCE# - APPL.SEQUENCE#) "Difference" FROM (SELECT THREAD# ,SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG WHERE (THREAD#,FIRST_TIME ) IN (SELECT THREAD#,MAX(FIRST_TIME) FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG GROUP BY THREAD#)) ARCH,(SELECT THREAD# ,SEQUENCE# FROM V$LOG_HISTORY WHERE (THREAD#,FIRST_TIME ) IN (SELECT THREAD#,MAX(FIRST_TIME) FROM V$LOG_HISTORY GROUP BY THREAD#)) APPL WHERE ARCH.THREAD# = APPL.THREAD# ORDER BY 1; 


20. Index Rebuild with DB Shutdown

[oracle@dg2 ~]$ cat rebuild_ix.sh
export ORACLE_SID=$1
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/1900/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus -S /nolog << !
connect / as sysdba
shut immediate;
startup restrict;
SELECT NAME,OPEN_MODE,HOST_NAME,LOGINS FROM V\$DATABASE,V\$INSTANCE;
set linesize 1000
set pagesize 0
set feedback off
set trimspool on

spool /tmp/reduild_ix_dbname.sql

select 'alter index '||owner||'.'||index_name||' rebuild;'
from dba_indexes
where table_owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM')
and index_type <> 'LOB'
and partitioned = 'NO'
and temporary ='N'
order by 1;

spool off

set feedback on
spool reduild_ix_dbname.log
@/tmp/reduild_ix_dbname.sql

alter system disable restricted session;
SELECT NAME,OPEN_MODE,HOST_NAME,LOGINS FROM V\$DATABASE,V\$INSTANCE;
spool off
exit
!
[oracle@dg2 ~]$
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ nohup ./rebuild_ix.sh PEPSI &
[1] 15204
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’

[oracle@dg2 ~]$


21. Index Rebuild with Index Partition and Index Sub Partition

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cat index_rebuild_list.sh
export ORACLE_SID=$1
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/12102/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

if [ $? != 0 ]
then exit 1
fi

#if [ $2 != 0 ]
#then exit 1
#fi

if [ $2 != "" ]
then
SCHEMA=`echo ${2}|tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'`
fi

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus -S /nolog << !
connect / as sysdba
SET LINES 190
set echo off
set termout off
set verify off
set trimspool on
set feedback off
set heading off
set lines 300
set pages 0
spool /home/oracle/index_rebuild.sql
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX '||OWNER||'."'||INDEX_NAME||'" REBUILD;' FROM DBA_INDEXES WHERE OWNER=upper('${SCHEMA}') AND PARTITIONED='NO' AND index_type not in ('LOB','FUNCTION-BASED DOMAIN','FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL','BITMAP','CLUSTER') AND TEMPORARY='N';
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX '||INDEX_OWNER||'."'|| INDEX_NAME ||'" REBUILD PARTITION "' || PARTITION_NAME || '";' FROM DBA_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_OWNER=upper('${SCHEMA}') AND index_name in (select index_name from dba_indexes where index_type not in ('LOB','FUNCTION-BASED DOMAIN','FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL','BITMAP','CLUSTER'));
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX '||INDEX_OWNER||'."'|| INDEX_NAME ||'" REBUILD SUBPARTITION "' || SUBPARTITION_NAME || '";' FROM DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_OWNER=upper('${SCHEMA}') AND INDEX_NAME IN (SELECT INDEX_NAME FROM DBA_INDEXES WHERE INDEX_TYPE NOT IN ('LOB','FUNCTION-BASED DOMAIN','FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL','BITMAP','CLUSTER'));
spool off
exit
!
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus  /nolog << !
connect / as sysdba
set pages 9999
set echo on
set termout on
set verify on
set trimspool on
set feedback on
set heading on
set lines 300
set serverout on
col spoolend new_value spoolend
select 'DELL_'||to_char(sysdate, 'DD_MON_YYYY_HH24_MI_SS') spoolend from dual;
spool /home/oracle/DELL_IX_REBUILD_&spoolend
SELECT NAME,OPEN_MODE,HOST_NAME,LOGINS FROM V\$DATABASE,V\$INSTANCE;
SELECT to_char(sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') AS INDEX_REBUILD_START_TIME from dual;
set timing on
@/home/oracle/index_rebuild.sql
SELECT to_char(sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') AS INDEX_REBUILD_END_TIME from dual;
spool off
!
[oracle@rac1 ~]$

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ nohup ./index_rebuild_list.sh DELL SH &
[1] 17274
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ nohup: appending output to `nohup.out'

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ jobs -l
[1]+ 17274 Running                 nohup ./index_rebuild_list.sh DELL SH &
[oracle@rac1 ~]$


Top 10 Fragmented tables

select *
  from (select table_name,
               round(((blocks * 8)/1024/1024), 1) "size (GB)",
               round((num_rows * avg_row_len / 1024/1024/1024), 1) "actual_data (GB)",
               (round(((blocks * 8)/1024/1024), 1) -
               round((num_rows * avg_row_len / 1024/1024/1024), 1)) "wasted_space (GB)"
          from dba_tables
         where (round((blocks * 8), 1) >
               round((num_rows * avg_row_len / 1024/1024/1024), 1))
         order by 4 desc)
 WHERE ROWNUM <= 10;


Monitor FRA

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#!/bin/bash
# set the environment for oracle database
export ORACLE_SID=$1
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/1900/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
# Connect to the Oracle database
FLASH_RECOVERY_SIZE=$(sqlplus -s / as sysdba <<EOF
set pagesize 0
set linesize 1000
col "FLASH_RECOVERY_SIZE(MB)" format 9999999999
SELECT
    NAME,
    TO_CHAR(SPACE_LIMIT, '999,999,999,999') AS SPACE_LIMIT,
    TO_CHAR(SPACE_LIMIT - SPACE_USED + SPACE_RECLAIMABLE, '999,999,999,999')
       AS SPACE_AVAILABLE,
    ROUND((SPACE_USED - SPACE_RECLAIMABLE)/SPACE_LIMIT * 100)
       AS PERCENT_FULL
    FROM V\$RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;

EOF
)

# Check the flash recovery area usage
USAGE=$(echo $FLASH_RECOVERY_SIZE | awk '{print $4}')

# Output a message based on the usage
if [ $USAGE -lt 70 ]; then
  echo "Flash recovery area usage is at $USAGE%. Space is still available."
elif [ $USAGE -lt 80 ]; then
  echo "Flash recovery area usage is at $USAGE%. Space is getting low."
elif [ $USAGE -lt 90 ]; then
  echo "Flash recovery area usage is at $USAGE%. Space is running low."
else
  echo "Flash recovery area usage is at $USAGE%. Space is critical."
fi


Delete archivelogs

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#!/bin/bash
export ORACLE_SID=$1
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

# Define the location of the log files
log_dir="/u01/app/oracle/logs"

# Define the name of the log file prefix
log_prefix="rman_delete_logs"

# Get the current date and time
today=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)

# Construct the full path and name of the log file
log_file="$log_dir/$log_prefix-$today.log"

# Connect to the database using RMAN and redirect output to the log file
rman target / >> $log_file 2>&1 << EOF

# Delete all archive logs
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete noprompt archivelog all;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;

# End the RMAN session
exit;
EOF

# Rotate the log files
find $log_dir -type f -name "$log_prefix*" -mtime +7 -exec rm {} \;

# Output a message indicating that the archive logs have been deleted and logged
echo "All archive logs have been deleted using RMAN. Output has been logged to $log_file and older logs have been rotated."


Delete archivelogs

#!/bin/bash

# Set ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=standby_db
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1

# Export environment variables
export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME

# Connect to the Data Guard broker and retrieve the apply lag
APPLY_LAG=$(dgmgrl << EOF
connect /
show database verbose 'standby_db';
quit;
EOF
)

# Extract the apply lag from the output
APPLY_LAG=$(echo "$APPLY_LAG" | grep -A1 "Apply Lag:" | tail -1 | awk '{print $3}')

# Print the apply lag
echo "Apply Lag: $APPLY_LAG"


Monitor Archive log GAP

#!/bin/bash

.... Method 1
monitor_gap.sh

monitor_gap.sql

.... Method 2
standby_gap.sh

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